Technology in the Service of Research

In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward next-generation investigative technologies in engineering and medical research. These technologies reveal the secrets of the world with far greater resolution and detail than ever before. Beyond advancing scientific progress, they open new possibilities in industry and healthcare. In Hungary, only a handful of laboratories boast such specialized equipment, which plays a pivotal role in regional research and education. One of these laboratories is at the University of Pannonia. We interviewed Assistant Professor András Kovács from the Department of Materials Engineering.

Engineering Precision vs. Medical Applications

“When we talk about CT scans, we typically associate them with hospitals or medical science,” I begin the conversation, steering toward the technology itself. “Medical devices operate at larger scales, with resolutions of 250–400 micrometers, whereas engineering equipment can capture details as fine as 5–10 micrometers. These differences determine what type of examinations the technology is suited for: a medical CT, for example, cannot analyze fine details like an engineering instrument can, but it is perfectly suitable for examining larger structures necessary for medical purposes,” András explains in response to my question about how the university’s device differs from hospital equipment.

This technology has only recently become accessible to universities—just 10–15 years ago—and has since advanced rapidly, he adds.

András has been working with CT examinations for over seven years. He modestly notes that for him, it’s just part of the job to see things in such detail. “It all started with a grant opportunity. I was approached, and I gladly accepted. I learned through continuous practice. The basics were taught, but the deeper knowledge of operating the device can only be gained through experience. Every material and every measurement is unique. Sometimes, we analyze insects, other times, concrete blocks,” he says.

The Somló Hill Project

One standout project involved examining the original state of artifacts found on Somló Hill. During an archaeological excavation, a sealed jar was unearthed, containing crucial information about ancient storage methods. The greatest challenge was to examine the jar’s contents in their original condition and arrangement before restoration began. The latest scans revealed a remarkably preserved gold necklace over 3,000 years old, a rarity even in Europe, András proudly shares.

Upon seeing the initial images, archaeologists immediately recognized the artifact’s exceptional value. Although they initially anticipated a different gold item, the discovery of the necklace was a true "Eureka moment." The necklace is now displayed at the National Museum in the Széchenyi Room, alongside the Seuso Treasure.

András reflects on the emotional impact of such discoveries: “In archaeology, it’s always amazing to handle an artifact that someone else touched 3,000 years ago. It’s like time travel. A 15,000-year-old mammoth tooth or a Roman-era clay pot amazes me as much as this ancient necklace. Plus, I get to work with top experts in their fields,” he says.

Ancient Remains in the Laboratory

The examination of Rudapithecus hungaricus teeth was a fascinating chapter in the lab’s history. With Professor Kordos, former director of the Geological Institute, they studied the baby teeth of this species, determining the gender (female) and age of the specimen. Other unusual tasks also arise, such as identifying the gender of a spider trapped in ancient amber through a detailed examination of its mouthparts. “It was male,” András adds with a laugh.

Engaging Students and Educational Goals

András’s passion for his work is clear, but what about the students? The laboratory offers students in chemistry, mechatronics, and materials engineering the opportunity to explore similar objects using this technology. “The goal is twofold: to teach students the theoretical and practical foundations of examinations and to equip them with the knowledge needed for future applications. Luckily, they are curious and eager to learn,” András shares.

Collaboration at the University

The lab collaborates extensively within the university. For example, the Sustainability Solutions Research Laboratory uses CT scans to support its plastics research, resulting in internationally recognized publications. Similarly, cooperation with the 3D printing lab and the Department of Materials Engineering involves analyzing the internal structures of binders, cement mortars, and concrete. “Our aim is to share these results widely and attract more interest in our research.”

Central European Scientific Collaboration

Beyond the university, András is building international collaborations, working with colleagues in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Slovenia to establish a Central European research network. Regular participation in conferences and potential involvement in EU-funded projects is on the horizon. “We were fortunate to join this developing field during its early stages,” András says proudly.

Innovation in Materials Science

In the field of materials science, the lab has achieved remarkable results. For instance, by examining injection-molded plastics, they discovered that nearly all samples contained air pores, indicating manufacturing defects. Manufacturers often bring their products to the lab to identify flaws that might lead to fractures or cracks. This type of diagnostics is akin to a medical CT scan, analyzing internal structures to determine issues. It’s particularly valuable for local companies in Veszprém, who increasingly seek the lab’s expertise.

András concludes by emphasizing that these discoveries and collaborations not only advance research but also contribute to education and industry development.

Author: Eszter Ódor Tudósné